Location: Nigeria // Organization: USAID, IHV Nigeria
Introduction
Children aged 5-14 account for 12% of Nigeria’s TB burden. Under diagnosis and low treatment coverage in children are significant challenges. Intervention
Intervention
- The Delft Light and CAD4TB were deployed to eight states for active TB case finding during community outreaches.
- At-risk children (5 years and above) were screened using the ultra-portable X-ray with CAD4TB. A parallel screening algorithm using the WHO four-symptom screen and a CAD4TB score of >50 was used to identify presumptive TB cases.
- Children with presumptive TB were evaluated bacteriologically using sputum or stool samples.
Result
- Between January 2022 and December 2023, 35,636 children were screened. Of these, 2970 (8%) were presumptive for TB, and 202 (8%) were diagnosed with TB, out of which 123 (60%) were bacteriologically confirmed. 98% of the diagnosed children started treatment.
- When comparing the diagnosed TB cases between children and adults, the presumptive yield and testing rate were similar. In contrast, the adult population had a much higher TB positivity rate with clinical diagnosis.
Conclusion
- The PDX with CAD4TB presents a valuable opportunity for diagnosing TB in children.
- There is a need to validate the performance of CAD systems in children for effective TB detection.
REFERENCE: Eneogu, R. et al (2024, November 12-16). Exploring opportunities for TB diagnostics in children aged 5-14 years in Nigeria using ultra-portable X-ray with computer-aided detection [Presentation]. The Union World Conference on Lung Health, Bali, Indonesia.
