Location: Nigeria // Organization: Delft Imaging
Introduction
Over the past decade, finding the missing cases of TB has been a huge challenge, with around 75% of TB incidence remaining undetected. However, Nigeria has significantly improved in the last 4 to 5 years, reducing this gap to 25%. Intensive TB case-finding in hotspot communities has been implemented, screening all individuals irrespective of symptoms, using both W4SS and portable digital X-rays Delft Light with AI-powered CAD4TB.
Intervention
- A cross-sectional retrospective review of data from Chest X-rays processed with CAD4TB from January 2022 to January 2024 was conducted.
- Individuals with presumptive TB (CAD4TB score >50) were subjected to GeneXpert testing. For those unable to produce sputum, Chest X-ray images were reviewed by qualified radiologists for possible clinical diagnosis using XMAP.
Result
- A total of 25,993 individuals were screened, including 659 without TB symptoms. Among these non-symptomatic individuals, X-ray screening with CAD4TB identified 39 presumptive TB cases.
- 11 individuals were diagnosed with TB: 1 was bacteriologically confirmed, and 10 were clinically diagnosed by radiologists.
- The Number Needed to Screen (NNS) was 60, and the Number Needed to Treat (NNT) was 4.
Conclusion
- The use of CXR with AI has proven to be a game changer in diagnosing TB among non-symptomatic individuals in Nigeria.
- The deployment of more systems targeting high-risk groups is essential to find all TB cases actively.
REFERENCE: Oyawale, M. et al (2024, November 12-16). Closing the TB case finding gap through artificial intelligence (AI)-aided screening of non-symptomatic population: Katsina State experience [Presentation]. The Union World Conference on Lung Health, Bali, Indonesia.
